vector4

类位于 InfEngine.math

描述

四维向量，包含 x、y、z 和 w 分量。

description

vector4 表示四分量向量。常见用途包括 RGBA 颜色（红、绿、蓝、透明度）、齐次 3D 坐标以及向着色器传递多分量值。

与 vector2 和 vector3 一样，所有方法都是静态的，操作 vec4f 值。算术运算符按分量运算，lerp()、dot() 和 normalize() 等工具方法与低维版本行为一致。

属性

名称 类型 描述
zero vec4f Vector4(0, 0, 0, 0)。 (只读)
one vec4f Vector4(1, 1, 1, 1)。 (只读)
positive_infinity vec4f A vector with all components set to positive infinity. (只读)
negative_infinity vec4f A vector with all components set to negative infinity. (只读)

properties

静态方法

方法 描述
static vector4.distance(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → float 计算两点之间的距离。
static vector4.dot(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → float 计算两个向量的点积。
static vector4.lerp(a: vec4f, b: vec4f, t: float) → vec4f 在两个向量之间线性插值。
static vector4.lerp_unclamped(a: vec4f, b: vec4f, t: float) → vec4f Linearly interpolate between two vectors without clamping t.
static vector4.max(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → vec4f Return a vector made from the largest components of two vectors.
static vector4.min(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → vec4f Return a vector made from the smallest components of two vectors.
static vector4.move_towards(current: vec4f, target: vec4f, max_delta: float) → vec4f Move current towards target by at most max_delta.
static vector4.normalize(v: vec4f) → vec4f 将此向量单位化。
static vector4.project(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → vec4f Project vector a onto vector b.
static vector4.scale(a: vec4f, b: vec4f) → vec4f Multiply two vectors component-wise.
static vector4.smooth_damp(current: vec4f, target: vec4f, current_velocity: vec4f, smooth_time: float, max_speed: float, delta_time: float) → vec4f Gradually change a vector towards a desired goal over time.
static vector4.magnitude(v: vec4f) → float 向量的长度。
static vector4.sqr_magnitude(v: vec4f) → float 向量长度的平方。

static_methods

示例

example

from InfEngine.math import vector4

# RGBA 颜色
red   = vector4(1, 0, 0, 1)
green = vector4(0, 1, 0, 1)

# 在颜色之间插值实现渐变效果
half = vector4.lerp(red, green, 0.5)   # (0.5, 0.5, 0, 1)

# 长度与归一化
v = vector4(1, 2, 3, 4)
length = vector4.magnitude(v)
unit   = vector4.normalize(v)

# 按分量取最小值 / 最大值
a = vector4(3, 1, 4, 2)
b = vector4(1, 5, 2, 6)
lo = vector4.min(a, b)   # (1, 1, 2, 2)
hi = vector4.max(a, b)   # (3, 5, 4, 6)

另请参阅

see_also